On October 11, 2025, protesters in Madagascar made a historic entrance into the symbolic May 13 Square in Antananarivo under the escort of military personnel. This marked a significant development in the ongoing nationwide protests that began on September 25, 2025. May 13 Square, a site deeply tied to Madagascar’s political history and past upheavals, had remained off-limits for weeks due to heavy military guarding.
The protests were originally triggered by severe shortages of water and electricity, causing daily hardships for citizens. What started as a movement focused on these basic service issues quickly escalated into a broader political challenge against President Andry Rajoelina’s government, which secured re-election in 2023. The demonstrators, largely led by young people inspired by similar youth-led movements globally, have articulated clear demands: the resignation of President Rajoelina, a formal apology to the nation, and the dissolution of both the senate and the electoral commission.
Unusually, some factions within the military, particularly soldiers from the elite CAPSAT unit who previously supported Rajoelina during the 2009 coup, have publicly sided with the protesters. These soldiers have called on their peers to join the demonstrators, urging solidarity with the people. This rare military defiance has added a complex layer to the crisis, signaling cracks within the armed forces. Despite official military leaders urging calm and discipline, some soldiers left barracks to escort protesters safely into May 13 Square, underscoring a shift in military allegiance.
The government’s response included dissolving the cabinet and appointing a new prime minister in an attempt to regain control and quell unrest. Yet, the protests continue unabated with opposition forces gaining momentum and pushing for democratic reforms.
The unrest has had a severe human cost. According to United Nations reports, at least 22 people have died and over 100 have been injured in the clashes, though government sources claim the death toll is lower.
This entry of protesters into the heart of Antananarivo, backed by parts of the military, symbolizes a pivotal moment for Madagascar’s political landscape. It highlights growing discontent with governance and the rising power of youth-led movements demanding change across Africa.
Below is a table summarizing the key facts about the Madagascar protests:
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Protests Start Date | September 25, 2025 |
| Main Causes | Water and electricity shortages |
| Protest Demands | President’s resignation, formal apology, dissolution of senate and electoral commission |
| Military Role | Some CAPSAT soldiers sided with protesters; military escort into May 13 Square |
| Government Response | Cabinet dissolved; new prime minister appointed |
| Impact | At least 22 deaths, 100+ injuries (UN figures); government states 12 deaths |
This protest movement and military involvement underline Madagascar’s deep political challenges and the increasing influence of Generation Z activists in shaping the country’s future.